Melasma and Hyperpigmentation: How It Works, Explained Simply

Video Transcript

Melasma and other forms of hyperpigmentation are areas where the skin becomes darker than the skin around it. Skin colour comes from melanin, a pigment made by cells called melanocytes in the base of the epidermis. In hyperpigmentation, those cells make extra melanin, and the pigment builds up in a patch of skin. Several things can switch on that extra production. Ultraviolet light is a major one, along with heat, and hormonal changes. Melasma tends to appear as larger patches on the face, often on the cheeks, forehead and upper lip, and it is common during pregnancy or with hormonal changes. Pigmentation can also follow inflammation, such as after acne or an injury, as the skin heals. Melasma in particular tends to be persistent. It can improve with treatment, but it commonly returns, especially with sun exposure. This is why daily sun protection is the foundation of managing it, rather than an optional extra. Without it, other treatments struggle to hold. Improvement is usually gradual, and results vary from person to person. It is managed over time rather than cured in one step. This video is for general education only. It is not medical advice. Ask your doctor what's right for you.